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Additional Views

Apr 26, 2023

Sep 17, 2010

Apr 26, 2023

Studies of a Seated Female, Child's Head, and Three Studies of a Baby

c. 1507–8

Raphael

(Italian, 1483–1520)

Italy, 16th century

Metalpoint

Support: Cream(3) laid paper prepared with a pink ground

Sheet: 12 x 15.3 cm (4 3/4 x 6 in.)

Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund 1978.37

Location

not on view

Did you know?

This sheet was probably once part of a sketchbook carried by the artist Raphael on a 1508 journey between Florence and Rome.

Description

This drawing is from Raphael’s "pink sketchbook," comprised of ten sheets of roughly equal size that each portray variations of a mother and child. Today, six of the drawings at the Palais des Beaux-Arts, Lille; two are at the British Museum; one is in a private collection; and one is in Cleveland. The small format of the sheets would have enabled the artist to carry the notebook as he traveled from Florence to Rome in 1508. Raphael used metalpoint, a technique popular in 15th- and early 16th-century Italy on a pink prepared surface. The pose of the infant's head in the drawing was based on that of the Christ child in Leonardo da Vinci's Benois Madonna, then in a private collection in Florence, with changes—such as the uplifted eyes and open mouth—made by Raphael. The curving back of the female nude is echoed in the roundness of the child's head. The three sketches of a reclining infant at the bottom of the sheet are freely handled and improvisational, relaying the child's squirming, continuous movement with repeated contour lines.

Artist biography

Raphael

Raffaello Sanzio (Urbino, April 6, 1483-Rome, April 6, 1520), commonly known as Raphael, was one of the most admired Italian painters and architects on the High Renaissance. He was trained in his native city Urbino, a center of art and culture during the rule of the Duke Federico da Montefeltro. Around 1495, Raphael moved to Perugia and joined the master Pietro Perugino's workshop. He later sojourned to Siena, and then resided in Florence by the autumn of 1504. There, Raphael studied the works by Renaissance masters such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Fra Bartolomeo, and Masaccio. Raphael is best known for his paintings of Madonnas (from 1504 through 1507), and the frescoes that Pope Julio II commissioned to him in the Vatican Palace in Rome in 1514. The same year architect Donato Bramante died, and the pope appointed Raphael chief architect. Raphael's style was based on clarity of forms and harmonious compositions; after his death, his works were highly admired by both Mannerist and Baroque artists.

Inscriptions

Inscription

lower right, in brown ink: 74

Provenance

around 1839

Pietro Benvenuti, Florence, 1769-1844

-around 1870

Grand Duke of Tuscany (probably Leopold II, died 1870)

around 1922

possibly by descent, to Emperor Charles I of Austria

?-?

Stefan von Licht, Vienna, 1880-1932

1930

Edwin Czeczowiczka, Vienna and London, 1877-1971. His sale, Boerner and Graupe, Berlin 12 May 1930, lot 121

around 1930-?

with Colnaghi, London

1978

Robert von Hirsch, Basel, d. 1977. His sale, Sotheby's, London, 20 June 1978, lot 16.

1978-

The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH

Citations

Passavant, Johann David. Rafael von Urbino und sein vater Giovanni Santi. Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus, 1839. Mentioned and Reproduced: no. 145, pp. 489-90

Passavant, Johann David, Jules Lunteschutz, and P. L. Jacob. Raphael d'Urbin et son père, Giovanni Santi. Paris: Vve J. Renouard, 1860. Mentioned and Reproduced: no. 161, p. 428

Ruland, Carl. The Works of Raphael Santi Da Urbino. [London?]: [publisher not identified], 1876. . Mentioned and Reproduced: no. xxvi, p. 7, 317; no. xxx

Fischel, Oskar, "Letter to the Editor: Some Lost Drawings by or Near to Raphael," Burlington Magazine, vol. XX, No. 103-108 (October 1911-March 1912): pp. 294-300. Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 295, fig. 6, p. 299

"Rundschau," Der Cicerone 22 (1930), 230 (repr.); Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 230

Fischel, Oskar. "Raphael's Pink Sketch-Book." The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 74, no. 433 (1939): 181-87. Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 187, plate III, B www.jstor.org

Fischel, Oskar. Raphaels Zeichnungen. 1, 1. Berlin: Grote, 1913-1972. Vol 8 (1941) Mentioned and Reproduced: no. 354, pp. 366-67, illus

Fischel, Oskar, and Bernard Rackham. Raphael. London: K. Paul, 1948. Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 129-30, 360, no. 138b (repr.)

British Museum, A. E. Popham, Philip Pouncey, and John A. Gere. Italian Drawings in the Department of Prints and Drawings in the British Museum. London: Published by the Trustees of the British Museum, 1950. Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 20, under no. 23

Kurz, Otto. Fakes. New York: Dover Publications, 1967. Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 100, fig. 22

Sotheby Parke Bernet, "Art at Auction:The Year at Sotheby Parke Bernet 1977-1978." Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 45-46

Cleveland Museum of Art, “The Cleveland Museum of Art Acquires Six Works from Von Hirsch Collection,” August 1, 1978, Cleveland Museum of Art Archives. archive.org

---Art Investment Guide, vol 6, no. 2 (Autumn 1978) Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 19

Lee, Sherman E. "The Year in Review for 1978." The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 66, no. 1 (1979): 3-47. Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 3, 45 www.jstor.org

"La Chronique des Arts, Principes Acquisitions des Musees en 1978," Gazette des Beaux Arts, xxciii (April 1979). Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 35

Johnson, Mark M. Idea to Image: Preparatory Studies from the Renaissance to Impressionism. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1980. Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 27-29, fig. 20

Olszewski, Edward J., and Jane Glaubinger. The Draftsman's Eye: Late Italian Renaissance Schools and Styles. Cleveland: Published by the Cleveland Museum of Art in cooperation with the Indiana University Press, 1981. Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 285, fig. 7

Olszewski, Edward J., "Late Italian Renaissance drawings," Connoisseur vol 206, no. 830 (April, 1981): pp. 284-288. Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 285, fig.7

Gere, John A., and Nicholas Turner. Drawings by Raphael: From the Royal Library, the Ashmolean, the British Museum, Chatsworth, and Other English Collections. London: Published for the Trustees of the British Museum by British Museum Publications, 1983. Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 143, under no. 116

Joannides, Paul, and Raphael. The Drawings of Raphael: With a Complete Catalogue. Oxford: Phaidon, 1983. Mentioned and Reproduced: no. 273, pp. 21, 201, 204, 256

Raphael. Raphaël dans les collections françaises: Galeries nationales du Grand Palais, Paris, 15 novembre 1983-13 février 1984. Paris: Ministère de la culture, Editions de la Réunion des musées nationaux, 1983. Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 278-80, under nos. 96-97

Knab, Eckhart, Raphael, Erwin Mitsch, and Konrad Oberhuber. Raphael: die Zeichnungen. Stuttgart: Urachhaus, 1983. Mentioned and Reproduced: no. 417, pp. 120, 128, 595-96, illus

Cleveland Museum of Art. Drawing, a Glossary of Materials: Selections from the Cleveland Museum of Art. [Cleveland, Ohio]: The Museum, 1987. Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 11-12,, illus.

Musée du Louvre, Dominique Cordellier, and Bernadette Py. Raphaël, son atelier, ses copistes. Paris: Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1992. Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 183-84

Raphael. Raphael: The Pursuit of Perfection. Edinburgh: National Galleries of Scotland, 1994. Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 52, 54, 66, fig. 43.

Cleveland Museum of Art, Diane DeGrazia, and Carter E. Foster. Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art in association with Rizzoli International Publications, New York, 2000. Mentioned: cat. no. 5, p. 9, pp. 28-29, pp. 283-284; Reproduced: p. 29

Meyer zur Capellen, Jürg, Raphael, and Stefan B. Polter. Raphael: A Critical Catalogue of His Paintings. Landshut: Arcos, 2001. Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 95, fig. 51/1.3

Brink, Claudia, and Andreas Henning. Raffael: die Sixtinische Madonna ; Geschichte und Mythos eines Meisterwerks. München: Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2005. Mentioned and Reproduced: no. 2, p. 61

Olszewski, Edward. A Corpus of Drawings in Midwestern Collections: Sixteenth-Century Italian Drawings, vol. 2 (Turnhout, Belgium, Brepols Publishers, 2008). Mentioned and Reproduced: p. 362, fig. 292

Cleveland Museum of Art, David Franklin, and C. Griffith Mann. Treasures from the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Museum of Art, 2012. Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 162-63

Kárpáti, Zoltán, and Raphael. Raphael: Drawings in Budapest. 2013. Mentioned and Reproduced: pp. 100-01, fig. 72

Brown, Heather Lemonedes. “Mise en Page.” Cleveland Art: Cleveland Museum of Art Members Magazine 61, no. 1 (Winter 2021): 19. Reproduced: P. 19.

Exhibition history

Italian Drawings with von Hirsh Acquisitions. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (September 15-December 4, 1978).

Year in Review: 1978. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 13-March 18, 1979).

The Draftsman's Eye: Late Italian Renaissance Schools and Styles. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 6-April 22, 1979).

Idea to Image: Preparatory Studies from the Renaissance to Impressionism. The Cleveland Museum of Art (organizer) (February 19-March 23, 1980).

Connoisseurship in Italian Figural Compositions. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (October 21, 1980-February 15, 1981).

National Schools of Style. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (June 14-September 18, 1983).

Italian Drawings from the Permanent Collection. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (December 16, 1986-March 1, 1987).

Master Drawings from the Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 27-October 17, 2000); The Morgan Library & Museum, New York, NY (May 23-August 19, 2001); Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, TX (October 14, 2001-January 6, 2002).

Raphael and His Age: Drawings from the Palais des Beaux-Arts, Lille [FRAME]. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (August 25-November 3, 2002).

Treasures on Paper from the Collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (March 9-June 8, 2014).

Stories From Storage. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH (organizer) (February 7-May 16, 2021).

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{{cite web|title=Studies of a Seated Female, Child's Head, and Three Studies of a Baby|url=https://clevelandart.org/art/1978.37|author=Raphael|year=c. 1507–8|access-date=02 November 2023|publisher=Cleveland Museum of Art}}

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Studies of a Seated Female, Child's Head, and Three Studies of a Baby

Studies of a Seated Female, Child's Head, and Three Studies of a Baby

Raphael

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Raphael

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